What Are Targeted Writing Lessons?

Targeted Writing Lessons (TWLs) are exactly that—a collection of instructional resources targeted to specific student needs in writing. Each of these lessons is intended to respond to a demonstrated need by providing a small bit of direct instructional information, followed by a clear task requiring students to use or practice that instruction in the context of a writing response they are already developing. The lessons close with recommendations to students about how to integrate this writing into the draft they are writing or revising

How Should They Be Used?

The idea behind TWLs is that students should have an opportunity to learn and practice writing skills in the context of writing tasks they are already working on. Rather than piling on new and inauthentic writing tasks, the TWLs seek to amplify the writing and revision process of existing work.

Teachers can determine which TWLs best fit their students’ needs by reviewing student work with the Inquiry By Design integrated ELA rubric: each score on the rubric corresponds to skills and lessons in the TWL list. The list of TWLs under each rubric score reflects the skills a student needs to develop in order to reach the next highest score on the rubric.

Topic

4

3

2

1

Conveys Essential Information and Ideas from the Text
Establishing the Significance of the Main Idea

Making Writing More Insightful

Anticipating Audience Responses
Creating Context

Refining Your Thesis for Specificity

Establishing the Significance of the Main Idea

How Do I Know My Information is Relevant?

Displaying Your Understanding of the Whole Issue

Making Writing More Insightful

Anticipating Audience Responses
Creating Context

Refining Your Thesis for Specificity

How Do I Know My Information is Relevant?

Displaying Your Understanding of the Whole Issue

Different Types of Information

Establishing Information in Explanations
Attacking the Prompt

Different Types of Information

Finding a Perspective

Establishing Information in Explanations

Giving Credit Clearly
Organization

What’s a Picture Worth?

Beyond Basic Transitions

The Extended Metaphor

Constructing Compelling Explanations

Compelling Conclusions

Varying Your Body Paragraph Structure

Using Transitions

Beyond Basic Transitions

Constructing Compelling Explanations

Organizing Information and Subtopics

Using Outlines to Organize Subtopics

Compelling Conclusions

Varying Your Body Paragraph Structure

Using Transitions

Beyond Basic Transitions

Attacking the Prompt

Organizing Information and Subtopics

Using Outlines to Organize Subtopics

Finding a Perspective

Excellent Opening Sentences

Using Transitions

Development

Defining Terms

Expanding On Ideas

Creating Context

Constructing Compelling Explanations

Incorporating Information Smoothly

How Do I Know My Information is Relevant?

Varying Your Body Paragraph Structure

Anticipating Audience Responses

Expanding On Ideas

Creating Context

Constructing Compelling Explanations

Incorporating Information Smoothly

How Do I Know My Information is Relevant?

Varying Your Body Paragraph Structure

Different Types of Information

Establishing Information in Explanations

Anticipating Audience Responses

Attacking the Prompt

Different Types of Information

Finding a Perspective

Establishing Information in Explanations

Giving Credit Clearly

Language and Syntax

Using Rhetorical Devices

Being Concise

Avoiding Overwriting

Maintaining Objective Tone

Using Metaphors

Defining Terms

Incorporating Information Smoothly

Creating Basic Sentence Variety

Using Rhetorical Devices

How to Sound Authoritative

Being Concise

Avoiding Overwriting

Maintaining Objective Tone

Incorporating Information Smoothly

Creating Basic Sentence Variety

How to Sound Authoritative

Being Concise

Maintaining Objective Tone

Writers who show a limited understanding of style and the use of language should focus on developing writing fluency before focusing on targeted individual lessons. See Developing Fluency in Writing in the Fluency guidebook.